https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7927-1203
Abstract
Expansive soil is a high-plasticity clay that expands rapidly when wetted or soaked with water and shrinks and cracks when it dries. Soil expansion often causes instability problems during construction of roadbeds or embankments. Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP), a novel soil treatment method, has drawn increased attention in recent decades because of its environmental friendliness and good performance in soil solidification. In this paper, the expansive soil slope treatment with MICP for the Yangtze-Jiangxi-Huaihe River Diversion Project in China is presented. The effectiveness and mechanism of Sporosarcina pasteurii bacteria for inhibiting soil expansion were investigated experimentally. The results indicated that MICP treatment can significantly reduce the swelling and deformation of expansive soil and showed that the MICP treatment was feasible and effective in inhibiting soil expansion. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were adopted to study the changes in soil mineralogy after MICP treatment. These techniques helped to reveal the mechanism of MICP in treating expansive soils.
Issue Section:
Technical Papers
References
1.
Gromko
G. J.
, “Review of Expansive Soils
,” Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division
100
, no. 6
(June 1974
): 667
–687
, https://doi.org/10.1061/AJGEB6.00000592.
Zou
W.-L.
, Ye
J.-B.
, Han
Z.
, Vanapalli
S. K.
, and Tu
H.-Y.
, “Effect of Montmorillonite Content and Sodium Chloride Solution on the Residual Swelling Pressure of an Expansive Clay
,” Environmental Earth Sciences
77
, no. 19
(September 2018
): 677, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7873-93.
Jia
J. C.
, “Study on the Swelling Mechanism and Mesomechanical Swelling Model of Expansive Soils
” (in Chinese) (PhD diss., Dalian University of Technology
, 2010
).4.
Hower
J.
and Mowatt
T. C.
, “The Mineralogy of Illites and Mixed-Layer Illite/Montmorillonites
,” American Mineralogist
51
, nos. 5–6
(1966
): 825
–854
.5.
Inoue
A.
, Utada
M.
, and Wakita
K.
, “Smectite-to-Illite Conversion in Natural Hydrothermal Systems
,” Applied Clay Science
7
, nos. 1–3
(July 1992
): 131
–145
, https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-1317(92)90035-L6.
Petry
T. M.
and Armstrong
J. C.
, “Stabilization of Expansive Clay Soils
,” Transportation Research Record
, no. 1219
(1989
): 103
–112
.7.
Chaduvula
U.
, Viswanadham
B. V. S.
, and Kodikara
J.
, “A Study on Desiccation Cracking Behavior of Polyester Fiber-Reinforced Expansive Clay
,” Applied Clay Science
142
(June 2017
): 163
–172
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2017.02.0088.
Liu
S.
, Bai
F.
, Wang
Y.
, Wang
S.
, and Li
Z.
, “Treatment for Expansive Soil Channel Slope with Soilbags
,” Journal of Aerospace Engineering
26
, no. 4
(October 2013
): 657
–666
, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.00001989.
Seco
A.
, Ramírez
F.
, Miqueleiz
L.
, and García
B.
, “Stabilization of Expansive Soils for Use in Construction
,” Applied Clay Science
51
, no. 3
(February 2011
): 348
–352
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2010.12.02710.
Chew
S. H.
, Kamruzzaman
A. H. M.
, and Lee
F. H.
, “Physicochemical and Engineering Behavior of Cement Treated Clays
,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
130
, no. 7
(July 2004
): 696
–706
, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2004)130:7(696)11.
Li
Z. Q.
, Fu
L.
, Xie
F.
, Tan
R. J.
, Wang
Y. P.
, and Zhong
D.
, “Experimental Study on Expansive Soil Improved with Cation Modifier
,” Advanced Materials Research
197–198
(February 2011
): 1005
–1009
, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.197-198.100512.
Zhao
H.
, Ge
L.
, Petry
T. M.
, and Sun
Y.-Z.
, “Effects of Chemical Stabilizers on an Expansive Clay
,” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering
18
, no. 4
(September 2013
): 1009
–1017
, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-013-1014-513.
Amu
O. O.
, Fajobi
A. B.
, and Oke
B. O.
, “Effect of Eggshell Powder on the Stabilizing Potential of Lime on an Expansive Clay Soil
,” Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences
1
, no. 1
(January 2005
): 80
–84
.14.
Stocks-Fischer
S.
, Galinat
J. K.
, and Bang
S. S.
, “Microbiological Precipitation of CaCO3
,” Soil Biology and Biochemistry
31
, no. 11
(October 1999
): 1563
–1571
, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00082-615.
Ettenauer
J.
, Piñar
G.
, Sterflinger
K.
, Gonzalez-Muñoz
M. T.
, and Jroundi
F.
, “Molecular Monitoring of the Microbial Dynamics Occurring on Historical Limestone Buildings during and after the In Situ Application of Different Bio-consolidation Treatments
,” Science of the Total Environment
409
, no. 24
(November 2011
): 5337
–5352
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.06316.
Cunningham
A. B.
, Phillips
A. J.
, Troyer
E.
, Lauchnor
E.
, Hiebert
R.
, Gerlach
R.
, and Spangler
L.
, “Wellbore Leakage Mitigation Using Engineered Biomineralization
,” Energy Procedia
63
(2014
): 4612
–4619
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.49417.
Achal
V.
, Pan
X.
, and Zhang
D.
, “Remediation of Copper-Contaminated Soil by Kocuria flava CR1, Based on Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation
,” Ecological Engineering
37
, no. 10
(October 2011
): 1601
–1605
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.06.00818.
Qin
Y.-F.
, Lu
W.
, Yuan
M.-X.
, Shen
T.-Y.
, Li
X.
, and Wang
S.-J.
, “An Experimental Study of Handan Strong Expansive Soil Enhanced by Bacillus megaterium
” (in Chinese), Journal of Southwest China Normal University (Natural Science Edition)
45
, no. 8
(2020
): 87
–95
, https://doi.org/10.13718/j.cnki.xsxb.2020.08.01319.
Neupane
S.
, “Evaluating the Suitability of Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation Technique for Stabilizing Expansive Soils
” (master’s thesis, Boise State University
, 2016
).20.
Islam
M. T.
, “Studying the Applicability of Biostimulated Calcite Precipitation in Stabilizing Expansive Soils
” (master’s thesis, Boise State University
, 2018
)21.
Hamed Khodadadi
T.
, Kavazanjian
E.
, van Paassen
L.
, and DeJong
J.
, “Bio-grout Materials: A Review
,” in Grouting 2017
, ed. Byle
M. J.
, Johnsen
L. F.
, Bruce
D. A.
, El Mohtar
C. S.
, Gazzarrini
P.
, and Richards
T. D.
Jr. (Reston, VA
: American Society of Civil Engineers
, 2017
), 1
–12
, https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784480793.00122.
Shirakawa
M. A.
, Kaminishikawahara
K. K.
, John
V. M.
, Kahn
H.
, and Futai
M. M.
, “Sand Bioconsolidation through the Precipitation of Calcium Carbonate by Two Ureolytic Bacteria
,” Materials Letters
65
, no. 11
(June 2011
): 1730
–1733
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.02.03223.
van Paassen
L. A.
, Daza
C. M.
, Staal
M.
, Sorokin
D. Y.
, van der Zon
W.
, and van Loosdrecht
M. C. M.
, “Potential Soil Reinforcement by Biological Denitrification
,” Ecological Engineering
36
, no. 2
(February 2010
): 168
–175
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.03.02624.
Mujah
D.
, Shahin
M. A.
, and Cheng
L.
, “State-of-the-Art Review of Biocementation by Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) for Soil Stabilization
,” Geomicrobiology Journal
34
, no. 6
(2017
): 524
–537
, https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2016.122586625.
DeJong
J. T.
, Mortensen
B. M.
, Martinez
B. C.
, and Nelson
D. C.
, “Bio-mediated Soil Improvement
,” Ecological Engineering
36
, no. 2
(February 2010
): 197
–210
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.12.02926.
Xiao
J. Z.
, Wei
Y. Q.
, Cai
H.
, Wang
Z. W.
, Yang
T.
, Wang
Q. H.
, and Wu
S. F.
, “Microbial-Induced Carbonate Precipitation for Strengthening Soft Clay
,” Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
2020 (2020): 8140724, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/814072427.
Liu
H.
, Zhao
J.
, Guo
M.
, and Zhang
A.
, “Swelling Deformation and Calculation Model of Expansive Soil in Ankang Area
” (in Chinese), Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering
31
, no. 6
(December 2020
): 201
–207
.
This content is only available via PDF.
All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ASTM International.
You do not currently have access to this content.
