... in nanoparticles in the initial stage of formation. After a short time of evolution, a typical liquid structure is revealed in particles. As a direct consequence of atoms escaping from the particle surface, the temperature of nanoparticles reduces to an under-cooling point from the initial super-heating state...

... 2003 heat transfer heat radiation colloids suspensions permittivity electric field effects dielectric liquids liquid structure Control Heat Transfer Modeling Radiation Rheological Electro-controllable (EC) fluids are suspensions of highly polarizable...