... ethylic route using alkaline catalysis. Different reaction conditions, such as ethanol/oil molar ratio, reaction time, and temperature were used in the optimization of the biodiesel synthesis. The optimum conditions for the transesterification of soybean oil with anhydrous ethanol and KOH as a catalyst...

..., due to the unique properties of asphalt in RAP. This study evaluated the effects of moisture and temperature on the resilient modulus of base materials with different percentages of RAP. The models for the effects of moisture content on the resilient modulus of unbound materials were evaluated using...

...J. L. Poole; K. A. Riding; M. C. G. Juenger; K. J. Folliard; A. K. Schindler The application of the Arrhenius equation to characterize the progress of cement hydration requires the use of an apparent activation energy ( E a ) value to describe the temperature sensitivity of the combined hydration...

...Raja Rizwan Hussain; Tetsuya Ishida Reinforced concrete structures exposed to aggressive environments such as severe chloride attack coupled with high temperature suffer from accelerated corrosion. The objective of this paper is to model and verify the effect of temperature on chloride induced...

... of engineering models to predict the performance of fire protection materials and systems. Current standardized fire resistance tests such as ASTM E119 or ISO 834 or IMO A754 are all qualitative tests. The furnace temperature is controlled to a standard time-temperature curve. Implicit assumptions are made...

... for modeling and predicting the standard, non-standard, or realistic re behavior of CFT columns and beam-columns under various loading, heating, and boundary conditions. KEYWORDS: re, columns, composite, analysis, ber-based, temperature Nomenclature c mass density of concrete; g mass density of re...

... for relative humidity and electrical resistance sensors are compared by placing them, together with commercially available thermistors and humidity probe, at different depths in a limestone block in order to characterise patterns of moisture and temperature changes with depth from the exposure surface...

... used to ignite the test samples. The thermocouple measurements and test video were synchronized to determine temperature increase with respect to time and length along each test sample. A recommended length of test sample that must be consumed to be considered a flammable material was determined based...

...Cheng Heming; Li Jianyun; Li Ziliang; Hou Lijun; Hou Jie In the numerical simulation of quenching processes, establishment of the boundary conditions for the temperature field and stress field are very important. However, determination of the boundary conditions of the temperature field is very...

... and ventilation rates on board commercial airliners in revenue service and to correlate those measurements with self-reported health effects and complaints. The measurements included temperature, relative humidity, total pressure, air velocity, sound level, light level, and motion. These measurements were...

... cements and to perform tests at high temperatures. The development of the new calorimeter consists first of optimizing the dimensions and the geometry of the device. To achieve this, a numerical model is used and tested through a series of experiments. The device is validated through calibration as well...

...MJ Slockers; R Robles-Culbreth Material flammability is thought to increase with increasing oxygen concentration, increasing pressure, and increasing temperature. Interest in the effects of increasing pressure and increasing sample temperature on the flammability of metals led to an industry...

...Y-S Liao; M Hanes Implant temperature increases as soon as a wear test starts. Frictional heating is the main reason for the temperature increase. Factors that affect the magnitude of the increase include the thermal conductivity of the implant materials, testing speed, and serum volume of the test...

... to improved creep ductility. Creep-rate sensitivity is significant for stress and even more so for temperature. The higher hydrogen content in the Robinson material appears to have no detrimental effect on creep behavior at the test temperature. One Robinson sample, which ruptured in the weld region at 205°C...

... is not systematically overestimated, the authors recommend using the SED method in lieu of the 0.2 % offset method. KEYWORDS: Yield strength, adhesives, metallic materials, strain energy density, environment, relative humidity, temperature, strain rate Introduction Some common terms used by engineers in ascribing...

... properties and relative merits of platinum resistance thermometers, thermistors, and thermocouples in the context of replacements for LiG thermometers; then we list uncertainty components for measurements with alternative thermometers; and finally we discuss other factors in temperature measurement...

... 2.0 and 2.5, and the compressive underload ratio was −0.5. Four reference steady state ΔK ss values, using constant δK testing at R = 0.1, were investigated at each temperature. Cycles of delay, fatigue crack growth during delay, and minimum fatigue crack growth rate during a transient load were...